\(cos^2x-sin2x=\sqrt{2}+sin^2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x-sin^2x-sin2x=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x-sin2x=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{\pi}{8}+k\pi\)

\(0< -\frac{\pi}{8}+k\pi< 3\pi\Rightarrow\frac{1}{8}< k< \frac{25}{8}\Rightarrow k=\left\{1;2;3\right\}\)

Có 3 nghiệm

Bài 1:

ĐK : sinx cosx > 0

Khi đó phương trình trở thành

sinx+cosx=\(2\sqrt{\sin x\cos x}\)

ĐK sinx + cosx >0 → sinx>0 ; cosx>0

Khi đó \(2\sqrt{\sin x\cos x}\Leftrightarrow2\sin x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)

Vậy ...

Bài 2:

ĐK : \(\sin\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\ge0\)

Khi đó phương trình đã cho tương đương với phương trình \(\sin2x=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\frac{5\pi}{12}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trong khoảng từ \(\left(-\pi,\pi\right)\) ta nhận được các giá trị :

\(x=\frac{\pi}{12}\) (TMĐK)

\(x=-\frac{11\pi}{12}\) (KTMĐK)

\(x=\frac{5\pi}{12}\) (KTMĐK)

\(x=-\frac{7\pi}{12}\) (TMĐK)

Vậy ta có 2 nghiệm thõa mãn \(x=\frac{\pi}{12}\) và \(x=-\frac{7\pi}{12}\)

a/

Đặt \(x+\frac{\pi}{3}=a\Rightarrow x=a-\frac{\pi}{3}\)

Pt trở thành:

\(cos^2a+4cos\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-a+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2a+4cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-a\right)-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2a+4sina-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-sin^2a+4sina-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-sin^2a+4sina-3=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sina=1\\sina=3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)

b/

Đặt \(x+\frac{\pi}{6}=a\Rightarrow x=a-\frac{\pi}{6}\)

Pt trở thành:

\(5cos2a=4sin\left(\frac{5\pi}{6}-a+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)-9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5cos2x=4sin\left(\pi-a\right)-9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(1-2sin^2a\right)=4sina-9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10sin^2a+4sina-14=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sina=1\\sina=-\frac{7}{5}< -1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)

c/

\(\Leftrightarrow1-cos2x+\sqrt{3}sin2x+2\sqrt{3}sinx+2cosx=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x-\frac{1}{2}cos2x+2\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx+\frac{1}{2}cosx\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)+2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2sin^2\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1+\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(l\right)\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{\pi}{6}=arcsin\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{6}=\pi-arcsin\left(\frac{1-\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=...\)

a.

\(\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=3sinx+cosx+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x+cos2x=3sinx+cosx+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cosx-3sinx+2cos^2x-cosx-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2cosx-3\right)+\left(cosx+1\right)\left(2cosx-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-3\right)\left(sinx+cosx+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(vn\right)\\sinx+cosx+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(cosx\ne\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x\ne-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)cosx-2sin^2\left(\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)}{2cosx-1}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)cosx+cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)=2cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{3}cosx+sinx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=k\pi\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\)

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ \(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)

c.

\(2\sqrt{2}cos\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{12}-x\right)sinx=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\left(sin\left(\dfrac{5\pi}{12}\right)+sin\left(2x-\dfrac{5\pi}{12}\right)\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\dfrac{5\pi}{12}\right)=\dfrac{-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\dfrac{5\pi}{12}\right)=sin\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{12}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

a)      

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x - \frac{\pi }{6} =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = \pi  + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \frac{{3\pi }}{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{3\pi }}{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

b)     \(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{{ - \pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - 7\pi }}{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

c)       

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin 3x - \cos 5x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin 3x = \cos 5x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos 5x = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}5x = \frac{\pi }{2} - 3x + k2\pi \\5x =  - \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}8x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\2x =  - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{16}} + \frac{{k\pi }}{4}\\x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

d)      

\(\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}x = \frac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \frac{1}{2}\\\cos x =  - \frac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\\\cos x = \cos \frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

e)      

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x - \sqrt 3 \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}\sin x - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{3}.\sin x - \sin \frac{\pi }{3}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x - \frac{\pi }{3} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)

f)       

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x + \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\sin x + \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{4}.\sin x + \sin \frac{\pi }{4}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x + \frac{\pi }{4} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)